The work analyses the role the European traditions of local self-government play in the practice of preparing and implementing zemstvo reforms in Russia in the second half of 19th and the early 20th centuries. The emphasis is placed on examining the issues related to the formation of representative bodies in municipalities, the role of election qualification mechanisms in regulating the composition of municipal assemblies. The monograph is designed for professionals - historians, political scientists, anyone who is interested in the history of local government.